The companies have developed separate plans and submitted them separately to the Senate Banking Committee and the House of Representatives Financial Affairs Committee.
All three Detroit-based firms said they would refinance their companies' debt, cut executive pay, seek concessions from workers and find other ways of reviving the companies.
Ford on Tuesday asked for a nine billion dollar "standby" loan to prevent it from running short of cash in 2009 but says it probably will not need the money, while Chrysler said it needed an emergency loan or it could go out of business.
And GM said it needed $12 billion in government loans to keep operating, telling
Congress in a report that its collapse could have "severe, long-term consequences to the US economy."
"There isn't a Plan B,'' said Fritz Henderson, chief operating officer. "Absent support, frankly, the company just can't fund its operations."
The Senate committee is to hold an emergency hearing on the subject on
Thursday and Friday, where the firms' executives are to appear.
Ford also said its plan calls for cost savings with unionised workers and was currently in discussions with the United Auto Workers union.
It was also planning an investment of $14 billion over the next seven years to
improve fuel efficiency through the development of new technologies
and products and would sell its five corporate jets.
Finally, if granted the loans Alan Mulally, the firm's chief executive, said in a statement he would work for a salary of one dollar a year "as a sign of his confidence in the company's transformation plan and future".
US stocks rose by 270 points, or 3.31 per cent, on Tuesday, with the Dow Jones Industrial Average closing at 8,419.09 points.
Poor sales
The auto industry's so-called "Big Three" firms, which employee thousands of Americans, have been hit hard by the US's current financial crisis and have faced criticism for failing to restructure their companies and for being out of touch with consumers' needs.
Last month auto company executives failed to persuade US congressional members to provide them with the $25 billion in government loans.
Nancy Pelosi, speaker of the House of Representatives and Harry Reid, the US senate majority leader, both Democrats, ordered them to outline major changes, including the elimination of lavish executive pay packages and assurances that taxpayers would be reimbursed for the loans.
Sales figures released on Tuesday showed that GM's November US sales have plunged 41 per cent, while Ford's dropped 31 per cent, ending hopes that the
industrywide drop in vehicle demand might be slowing.
Company criticism
On Tuesday the White House said it remained unconvinced that the three firms should be granted the additional loans.
"We are sticking to our guns that the companies have to prove that they are viable before the taxpayer dollars should be given to them," White House spokeswoman Dana Perino told reporters.
Several Democrats have demanded that the White House and US treasury provide the funds from the US government's $700 billion finance industry bailout to support the automakers.
However they have resisted, saying the senate should allow the industry to use $25 billion in already existing US energy department loans.
The firms' chief executives were heavily criticised after their original appearance before Congress when it emerged they had travelled to Washington DC on three separate private jets.
However for the latest hearings Mulally is travelling from Detroit to Washington by car, as is Rick Wagoner, chief executive officer of GM.
Robert Nardelli, head of Chrysler, will also no longer travel by private jet, his spokesman told AP.
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